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VPandya General Sponsor
Joined: 09 Nov 2009 Posts: 842
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Posted: Fri Jan 06, 2017 7:58 am Post subject: Major Dam ( Mosul Dam, Iraq) failure could kill millions. |
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Dear Sefi Engrs,
We have in SEFI talked about High-Rise Buldings and Bridges Failures . I do not recall we have talked about any DAM FAILURES.
Report on Mosul Dam Failure if it occurs, Millions can die. Report attached.
Mosul Dam.
“….in terms of internal erosion potential of the foundation,Mosul Dam is the most dangerous dam in the world… If a small problem [at]Mosul Dam occurs, failure is likely.”
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, September 2006.
Key Facts
§ The Mosul Dam provides critical irrigation, flood control, and
hydropower to NW Iraq.
§ Leaks were discovered within months of operation.
§ U.S. Army study concludes that the dam is at a “high risk” of failure.
§ Projected loss of life from dam failure 500,000 (U.S. Embassy est.
1.47 million).
§ Only permanent solution is to construct second dam at estimated,
cost of $2 billion.
Mosul Dam.
§ Located on TigrisRiver in Northwest Iraq 60 km (37 miles) north of Mosul.
§ Fourth largest dam inthe Middle East with over 11.11 billion cubic meters of storage; equivalent to twice the size of Lake Pontchartrain – the lake that broke the levies in New Orleans.
§ Operated by IraqiMinistry of Water Resources.
Structural problems.
§ Built on soft,dissoluble Gypsum, Anhydrite and karstified limestone bedrock.
§ Foundation has been severely eroded by water (karstified).
§ Short-term solution has been constant mass-scale grouting (cement filling).
Safety concerns.
§ Dam’s safety problems concealed by Ministry until a post-2003 US Army Corps of Engineers investigation.
§ The study reports that grouting is not a viable long-term solution.
§ Study reports that the soft Gypsum and Anhydrite foundation will collapse from dam weight and water erosion.
§ Only permanent solution is to build a second dam at cost of $2 billion.
A great majority of SEFI engineers work on large Irrigation Projects in India. India as country has more Dam Structures than most of the other countries. Public Safety is a issue for all of us, Structural Engineers.
Also :
ASCE: Report Card on American Infrastructure including Dams.
Condition of Dams in America gets Grade = D
Condition of Bridges in America gets Grade = C+
So DAMS in America are in poor condition as compared to American BRIDGES.
Web-Link for ASCE infrastructure full Report:
http://www.infrastructurereportcard.org/
Regards.
Vasudeo Pandya P.E.
Structural Engineer
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Mosul Dam in Iraq. Possibilities of Failure . |
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Last edited by VPandya on Sat Jan 07, 2017 6:25 am; edited 2 times in total |
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prof.arc ...
Joined: 26 Jan 2003 Posts: 703
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Posted: Sat Jan 07, 2017 4:00 am Post subject: Major Dam ( Mosul Dam, Iraq) failure could kill millions. |
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We had talked in this Forum about the Dec 11, 1967 event near Koyna Dam siteThe 50th anniversary of that event would occur later this year
Dams behave much better in the event of earthquake !!!
It is not like " in one moment the dam has just vanished"
there is no private greed in building dams and a lot more process is in place
no question of millions getting killed
Prof. ARC
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rni ...
Joined: 26 Jan 2003 Posts: 109
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Posted: Thu Jan 12, 2017 6:00 am Post subject: Major Dam ( Mosul Dam, Iraq) failure could kill millions. |
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Failure of the Shikang Dam in Taiwan due to seismic uplift of the reservoir bottom by 10 meters in 1999.What can happen in Taiwan can happen in any other similar seismic set up, Himalayas not excluded! This is not to create panic and be pessimistic about engineering designs. But dispassionate and non-emotional discussions are lacking in India.
R.N.Iyengar
Distinguished Professor, Centre for Disaster Mitigation
Jain University, Bangalore-Kanakapura Road
Jakkasandra 562112
Ph:080-27577203
On Sat, Jan 7, 2017 at 9:55 AM, prof.arc <forum@sefindia.org (forum@sefindia.org)> wrote:
Quote: | We had talked in this Forum about the Dec 11, 1967 event near Koyna Dam siteThe 50th anniversary of that event would occur later this year
Dams behave much better in the event of earthquake !!!
It is not like " in one moment the dam has just vanished"
there is no private greed in building dams and a lot more process is in place
no question of millions getting killed
Prof. ARC
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VPandya General Sponsor
Joined: 09 Nov 2009 Posts: 842
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Posted: Fri Jan 13, 2017 6:37 am Post subject: There are Dam failures also due to NON SEISMIC forces. |
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Dear prof. R.N. Iyenger,
Yes we have not at least in SEFI discussed DAM Structures failures. Also there are Dam failures due to NON SEISMIC forces. Examples :
Machuchu-2 Dam:
Machuchu-2 Dam was built on the Machhu River near the Morvi Town in district of Gujarat in India. On August 11, 1979, the dam gave way to the heavy rains three fold in magnitude the dam was designed for. Within 20 minutes of the collapse of the dam, a huge wall of water up to 9.1 meters in height entered and washed away the industrial town of Morvi and its suburban, low-lying areas. The number of deaths is not known exactly, but some estimates reached up to 15,000 people. The Morvi or Machuchu Dam failure has been recorded on the list of the worst dam bursts. The failure also caused heavy economic losses due to the consequent failure of crops.
Web-Link : Major Dam Failures : http://infomory.com/famous/famous-dam-failures/
Also:
From: Latest ASCESmart Brief, dated 11th Jan. 2017 :
US Infrastructure 2017: What Needs to Be
Done?
If the US doesn't deal with its infrastructure deficiencies, it could lose about $4 trillion in gross domestic product by 2025, according to an American Society of Civil Engineers report.Among the infrastructure to fix are 4,000 deficient dams, one of whose failure could results in "a much bigger magnitude to the Dallas area than Hurricane Katrina was to New Orleans," according to the U S Army Corps of Engineers.
But our infrastructure woes go far beyond deficient dams. The US Department of Transportation estimates that the country needs investment spending of at least $479 billion for critical repairs. In addition, a series of US maps compiled with data from OpenStreetMap that details each segment of the nation's spectacular infrastructure -- electric grid, bridges, pipelines, railroads, airports, and ports and inland waterways-- serves as a starting point for experts to discuss the deficiencies and explain the expense and complexity of upgrading and maintaining the country's infrastructure.
Regards.
Vasudeo Pandya P.E.
Structural Engineer
Last edited by VPandya on Fri Apr 21, 2017 7:58 am; edited 1 time in total |
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VPandya General Sponsor
Joined: 09 Nov 2009 Posts: 842
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Posted: Mon Feb 13, 2017 4:00 pm Post subject: Posiibility of Dam Failure in California USA , 18000 evacuated. |
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Dear Sefi Engineers ,
Today's 13th Feb. 2017 news: I was on CNN News TV most of the day.
This is a very serious PUBLIC SAFETY issue that is a DAM FAILURE or POSSIBILITY OF A DAM FAILURE.
Posiibility of Dam Failure in California USA , 180000 evacuated.
NPR - February 13, 2017 :
The area around a huge dam at California's second-largest reservoir is in a state of emergency, with some 180,000 residents ordered to evacuate the area Sunday out of fears that part of Oroville Dam could fail. A glimmer of hope arrived late Sunday night, when officials said water had finally stopped pouring over the dam's emergency spillway....
Web-Link :
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/02/13/514955209/signs-of-hope-at-oroville-dam-after-water-overflowed-emergency-spillway?sc=17&f=1001&utm_source=iosnewsapp&utm_medium=Email&utm_campaign=app
Regards.
Vasudeo Pandya P.E.
Structural Engineer
Last edited by VPandya on Mon Mar 13, 2017 5:31 am; edited 1 time in total |
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VPandya General Sponsor
Joined: 09 Nov 2009 Posts: 842
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Posted: Thu Feb 16, 2017 4:12 am Post subject: LATEST ON CALIFORNIA DAM PROBLEMS, 15/02/2017 |
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Dear Sefi Engrs,
LATEST ON CALIFORNIA DAM PROBLEMS : ( 15/02/2017) :
California Residents Allowed to Return Home After Dam Spurs Evacuation. ::
In the Opinion of the experts working//managing the crisis :
" This is a worst-case scenario for any water management agency, a worst-case nightmare ” .
Web-Link:
http://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/officials-race-against-rains-prevent-california-dam-disaster-n720521
Regards.
Vasudeo Pandya P.E.
Structural Engineer
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Dr. N. Subramanian General Sponsor
Joined: 21 Feb 2008 Posts: 5538 Location: Gaithersburg, MD, U.S.A.
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Posted: Fri Feb 17, 2017 2:25 am Post subject: Re: LATEST ON CALIFORNIA DAM PROBLEMS, 15/02/2017 |
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Dear Er Pandyaji
Yes, we also saw the video in the News and it was frightening. This is the tallest dam in USA, may be in the world. Fortunately, till now nothing has happened. I believe the cost of repairing the spillway is $200M!
General arrangement of Dam and the Spilway
Initial failure of spillway-The California Department of Water Resources has suspended flows from the Oroville Dam spillway after a concrete section eroded on the middle section of the spillway February 7, 2017
http://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2017/2/13/14598042/oroville-dam-flood-evacuation?yptr=yahoo
Warm regards,
NS
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VPandya General Sponsor
Joined: 09 Nov 2009 Posts: 842
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Posted: Fri Feb 17, 2017 10:26 am Post subject: SUCH MASSIVE EVACUATION ( 2.0 lacs) OF PEOPLE IS STILL A PROBLEM. |
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Dear Dr. Subramanian,
Your post makes the problem clear with nice and clear photo's . So thanks. I still have one PUBLIC SAFETY QUESTION : "When authories/ Govt. agencies ask 200,000 ( 2.0 lacs) people to move out of their homes and go to safe places, where should they go ? Such MASS EVACUATION of families must have lots of LOGISTICS PROBLEMS. We are very lucky that no one got killed but the cost of such Mass Evacuation and bring them back is a big problem in itself. Authoritries have ask people to return home for now but with a warning that if Heavy Storm ( Rain/Melting of snow ) comes they will be asked to evacuate again .
Regards.
Vasudeo Pandya P.E.
Structural Engineer
Last edited by VPandya on Sat Feb 18, 2017 3:39 am; edited 1 time in total |
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B.V.Harsoda General Sponsor
Joined: 19 Jan 2009 Posts: 2329 Location: RAJKOT,GUJARAT, INDIA
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B.V.Harsoda General Sponsor
Joined: 19 Jan 2009 Posts: 2329 Location: RAJKOT,GUJARAT, INDIA
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